Explain the existence of hydronium ion in aqueous solution.

Vedclass pdf generator app on play store
Vedclass iOS app on app store
(N/A) hydrogen ion $(H^{+})$ by itself is a bare proton with a very small size (radius $\approx 10^{-15} \ m$) and an intense electric field.
Therefore,the proton binds itself to a water molecule at one of the two available lone pairs on the oxygen atom via a coordinate covalent bond,forming the hydronium ion $(H_{3}O^{+})$.
This hydronium ion $(H_{3}O^{+})$ species has a trigonal pyramidal geometry. The existence of $H_{3}O^{+}$ has been detected in many compounds,such as $H_{3}O^{+}Cl^{-}$ in the solid state.
Furthermore,the hydronium ion can be further hydrated to form various ionic species such as $H_{5}O_{2}^{+}$,$H_{7}O_{3}^{+}$,$H_{9}O_{4}^{+}$,etc.
Thus,a proton does not exist independently in an aqueous solution; instead,it exists as a hydronium ion or oxonium ion.

Explore More

Similar Questions

Which of the following is not a conjugate acid-base pair?

When pure water is exposed to atmospheric $CO_2$,it absorbs the gas. What will be its $pH$?

Determine the order of basic strength for the following compounds:
$(I)$ $CH_3COO^-$
$(II)$ $CH_3CH_2^-$
$(III)$ $NH_2^-$
$(IV)$ $C_6H_5O^-$

Which two sets of reactants best represent the amphoteric character of $Zn(OH)_2$?
Set $1$ : $Zn(OH)_{2(s)}$ and $OH^{-}_{(aq)}$
Set $2$ : $Zn(OH)_{2(s)}$ and $H_2O_{(l)}$
Set $3$ : $Zn(OH)_{2(s)}$ and $H^{+}_{(aq)}$
Set $4$ : $Zn(OH)_{2(s)}$ and $NH_{3(aq)}$

Which species acts as an acid in the reaction $CH_{3}COOH_{(aq)} + H_{2}O_{(l)} \rightleftharpoons H_{3}O^{+}_{(aq)} + CH_{3}COO^{-}_{(aq)}$?

Vedclass Products

For Students

Vedclass Test Series

Mock tests in real JEE/NEET style with performance analysis. 5-day free trial.

Start Free Trial
For Teachers

Exam Paper Generator

Generate Set A/B/C/D exam papers from 7.5L+ questions in 2 minutes. 3 chapters free.

Try Free
For Institutes

Online Exam Module

Live online exams with unlimited students, 360° analytics & white-label branding.

See Demo