Explain the physical significance of van der Waals parameters.

(N/A) The van der Waals equation is given by $(P + \frac{an^2}{V^2})(V - nb) = nRT$.
$1$. The constant '$a$' represents the magnitude of intermolecular attractive forces between gas molecules. $A$ higher value of '$a$' indicates stronger intermolecular forces,which leads to greater deviation from ideal gas behavior.
$2$. The constant '$b$' is known as the excluded volume or co-volume. It represents the effective volume occupied by the gas molecules themselves. It accounts for the fact that real gas molecules are not point masses and have a finite size. $A$ higher value of '$b$' indicates larger molecular size.