| Neural system | Endocrine system |
| $(1)$ Neurotransmitters are released due to nerve impulse stimulation. | $(1)$ Transported by blood throughout the body. |
| $(2)$ Primarily affects muscles and glands. | $(2)$ Induces changes in metabolic processes. |
| $(3)$ Rapid conduction of signals. | $(3)$ Slower response (seconds to days). |
| $(4)$ Reaction time is very short. | $(4)$ Reaction period is comparatively longer. |
| Hormones of adrenal cortex | Hormones of adrenal medulla |
| $(1)$ Steroid hormones. | $(1)$ Catecholamine hormones. |
| $(2)$ Affects kidney and various tissues. | $(2)$ Affects cardiac tissue and smooth muscles. |
| $(3)$ Regulates water-electrolyte balance and glucose metabolism. | $(3)$ Stimulates metabolic activities during stress. |
| $(4)$ Examples: Cortisol,Aldosterone. | $(4)$ Examples: Adrenaline,Noradrenaline. |
| Thyroid hormone | Parathyroid hormone |
| $(1)$ Main hormone is Thyroxine $(T_4)$. | $(1)$ Main hormone is Parathyroid hormone $(PTH)$. |
| $(2)$ Iodinated amino acid derivative. | $(2)$ Peptide hormone. |
| $(3)$ Increases basal metabolic rate. | $(3)$ Increases $Ca^{2+}$ level in the blood. |
| $(4)$ Hyposecretion causes cretinism or myxedema. | $(4)$ Hyposecretion causes tetany (muscle spasms). |
Explore More
| Column-$I$ | Column-$II$ |
| $P$. Anterior Pituitary | $I$. $MSH$ |
| $Q$. Intermediate Pituitary | $II$. $ADH$ |
| $R$. Posterior Pituitary | $III$. $LH$ |
| $IV$. $FSH$ | |
| $V$. $GH$ | |
| $VI$. Oxytocin | |
| $VII$. $PRL$ | |
| $VIII$. $TSH$ | |
| $IX$. $ACTH$ |
| Column $I$ | Column $II$ |
|---|---|
| $i$. Alzheimer's disease | $a$. Oversecretion of Growth Hormone from pituitary gland in adults. |
| $ii$. Diabetes mellitus | $b$. Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in $CNS$. |
| $iii$. Acromegaly | $c$. Underactivity of Beta cells of pancreas. |
| $iv$. Parkinson's disease | $d$. Degeneration of cholinergic and other neurons in $CNS$. |
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