How is excessive content of $CO_2$ responsible for global warming?

(N/A) $CO_2$ is an essential gas for life,but its increased concentration in the atmosphere poses a serious threat.
Increased combustion of fossil fuels,decomposition of limestone,and deforestation have led to higher levels of $CO_2$.
$CO_2$ has the property of trapping infrared radiation (heat) emitted by the Earth's surface.
As the concentration of $CO_2$ increases,more heat is trapped in the atmosphere,leading to a rise in global temperatures,a phenomenon known as global warming.