Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following reactions.
$(i)$ $4Na(s) + O_2(g) \rightarrow 2Na_2O(s)$
$(ii)$ $CuO(s) + H_2(g) \rightarrow Cu(s) + H_2O(l)$

$A$ solution of a substance $X$ is used for whitewashing.
$(i)$ Name the substance $X$ and write its formula.
$(ii)$ Write the reaction of the substance $X$ named in $(i)$ above with water.

Give an example of a double displacement reaction other than the one given in the image.

What does one mean by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples.

Explain the "Reduction" in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples.

Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of reaction in each case.
$(a)$ Potassium bromide $(aq) +$ Barium iodide $(aq) \rightarrow$ Potassium iodide $(aq) +$ Barium bromide $(s)$
$(b)$ Zinc carbonate $(s) \rightarrow$ Zinc oxide $(s) +$ Carbon dioxide $(g)$
$(c)$ Hydrogen $(g) +$ Chlorine $(g) \rightarrow$ Hydrogen chloride $(g)$
$(d)$ Magnesium $(s) +$ Hydrochloric acid $(aq) \rightarrow$ Magnesium chloride $(aq) +$ Hydrogen $(g)$