(C) In case of transition,a purine base is replaced by another purine (e.g.,$A$ by $G$) or a pyrimidine is replaced by another pyrimidine (e.g.,$C$ by

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(C) In case of transition,a purine base is replaced by another purine (e.g.,$A$ by $G$) or a pyrimidine is replaced by another pyrimidine (e.g.,$C$ by $T$).Since both adenine $(A)$ and guanine $(G)$ are purines,the replacement of adenine by guanine is a transition mutation.In case of transversion,a purine is replaced by a pyrimidine or vice versa.