In a nuclear reactor,heavy nuclei are not used as moderators because:

  • A
    they will break up
  • B
    elastic collision of neutrons with heavy nuclei will not slow them down
  • C
    the net weight of the reactor would be unbearably high
  • D
    substances with heavy nuclei do not occur in liquid or gaseous state at room temperature

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Thermal neutrons can cause fission in

Slowing down of neutrons: In a nuclear reactor,a neutron of high speed (typically $10^{7} \; m s^{-1}$) must be slowed to $10^{3} \; m s^{-1}$ so that it can have a high probability of interacting with isotope $^{235}_{92}U$ and causing it to fission. Show that a neutron can lose most of its kinetic energy in an elastic collision with a light nucleus like deuterium or carbon,which has a mass of only a few times the neutron mass. The material making up the light nuclei,usually heavy water $(D_{2}O)$ or graphite,is called a moderator.

Control rods used in nuclear reactors are made of:

This question contains Statement-$1$ and Statement-$2$. Of the four choices given after the statements,choose the one that best describes the two statements.
Statement-$1$: Energy is released when heavy nuclei undergo fission or light nuclei undergo fusion.
Statement-$2$: For heavy nuclei,binding energy per nucleon increases with increasing $Z$,while for light nuclei,it decreases with increasing $Z$.

How long can an electric lamp of $100\; W$ be kept glowing by the fusion of $2.0\; kg$ of deuterium? Take the fusion reaction as $_{1}^{2} H + _{1}^{2} H \rightarrow _{2}^{3} He + n + 3.27\; MeV$.

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