In aluminium extraction by the Bayer process, alumina is extracted from bauxite by sodium hydroxide at high temperature and pressure: $Al_2O_{3(s)} + 2 OH^-_{(aq)} + 3 H_2O_{(l)} \rightarrow 2 [Al(OH)_4]^-_{(aq)}$. Solid impurities such as $Fe_2O_3$ and $SiO_2$ are removed and then $[Al(OH)_4]^-$ is reprecipitated: $2 [Al(OH)_4]^-_{(aq)} \rightarrow Al_2O_3 \cdot 3 H_2O_{(s)} + 2 OH^-_{(aq)}$. In the industrial world:

  • A
    Carbon dioxide is added to precipitate the alumina
  • B
    Temperature and pressure are dropped and the supersaturated solution is seeded
  • C
    Both $(A)$ and $(B)$ are practised
  • D
    The water is evaporated

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Similar Questions

Bronze is a mixture of . . . . . . metals.

Consider the following:
Statement-$I$ : In the extraction of $Al$ by Hall-Heroult process,pure $Al_2O_3$ mixed with $Na_3AlF_6$ lowers its melting point and increases conductivity.
Statement-$II$ : Zirconium metal is purified by zone refining method.

Consider the following metallurgical processes:
$I$. Heating impure metal with $CO$ and distilling the resulting volatile carbonyl (b.p. $43 \ ^oC$) and finally decomposition at $150 \ ^oC - 200 \ ^oC$ to get the pure metal.
$II$. Heating the sulphide ore in air until a part is converted to oxide and then further heating in the absence of air to let the oxide react with unchanged metal sulphide.
$III$. Electrolysis of the molten electrolyte containing approximately equal amounts of the metal chloride and $NaCl$ to obtain the metal.
The processes used for obtaining magnesium,nickel and copper are respectively:

Identify the alloy containing a non-metal as a constituent in it.

Which of the following statement$(s)$ is/are incorrect?

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