In communication with the help of an antenna,if the height is doubled,then the range covered,which was initially $r$,would become:

For $100\%$ modulation,what should be the value of the minimum amplitude $(E_{min})$ of the modulated wave?

The bandwidth of an optical fiber is approximately ........

$A$ carrier signal $C(t)=25 \sin(2.512 \times 10^{10} t)$ is amplitude modulated by a message signal $m(t)=5 \sin(1.57 \times 10^{8} t)$ and transmitted through an antenna. What will be the bandwidth of the modulated signal?

Match Column $A$ (layers in the ionosphere for skywave propagation) with Column $B$ (their height range).

Column $A$	Column $B$
$A$. $D$-layer	$I$. $250-400 \ km$
$B$. $E$-layer	$II$. $170-190 \ km$
$C$. $F_1$-layer	$III$. $95-120 \ km$
$D$. $F_2$-layer	$IV$. $65-75 \ km$

The maximum frequency of transmitted radio waves above which the radio waves are no longer reflected back by the ionosphere is . . . . . . ($N=$ maximum electron density of the ionosphere, $g=$ acceleration due to gravity).