Inert pair effect is predominant in

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(B) The inert pair effect refers to the tendency of the electrons in the outermost $s$-subshell of post-transition elements to remain unshared and not

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$Pb$

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(B) The inert pair effect refers to the tendency of the electrons in the outermost $s$-subshell of post-transition elements to remain unshared and not participate in bonding.This effect becomes more pronounced as we move down a group in the $p$-block elements (Groups $13, 14, 15$).It is primarily attributed to the poor shielding effect of the intervening $d$ and $f$ electrons,which causes the $s$-electrons to be held more tightly by the nucleus.In Group $14$,the stability of the $+2$ oxidation state increases down the group $(C Therefore,$Pb$ (lead) exhibits the most significant inert pair effect,making its $+2$ oxidation state more stable than its $+4$ oxidation state.Hence,option $B$ is correct.

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