Iron is rendered passive by the action of

$Cu^{2+}$ salt reacts with potassium iodide to give :

How would you account for the following:
$(i)$ Of the $d^{4}$ species,$Cr^{2+}$ is strongly reducing while $Mn^{3+}$ is strongly oxidising.
$(ii)$ $Co^{2+}$ is stable in aqueous solution but in the presence of complexing reagents it is easily oxidised.
$(iii)$ The $d^{1}$ configuration is very unstable in ions.

Which of the following does not react with oxygen directly? $Zn$,$Ti$,$Pt$,$Fe$

Fill in the blanks:
$(a)$ The only $Mn$ halide compound that shows an oxidation state of $+7$ is ........
$(b)$ The $E^{\ominus}_{M^{II}/M}$ value is maximum negative for ........ in the $3d$ series.
$(c)$ Between $Cr^{2+}$ and $Fe^{2+}$,the stronger reducing agent is ........

Oxygen is absorbed by molten $Ag$,which is evolved on cooling and the silver particles are scattered,this phenomenon is known as