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(D) The shedding of leaves in winter is a complex physiological process triggered by environmental factors.$1$. The shortening of day length $(photope

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(D) The shedding of leaves in winter is a complex physiological process triggered by environmental factors.$1$. The shortening of day length $(photoperiodism)$ and the fall in temperature act as external signals that initiate the process of leaf senescence.$2$. In response to these signals,a specialized zone called the $abscission$ $layer$ forms at the base of the petiole.$3$. This layer consists of thin-walled,cambium-like cells that are rich in protoplasm and starch.$4$. Enzymes such as $cellulases$ and $pectinases$ are secreted,which degrade the middle lamella and cell walls,causing the leaf to detach from the branch.Therefore,all the mentioned factors contribute to this process.

Column $I$ (Precursor/Term)	Column $II$ (Associated Hormone)
$(a)$ Tryptophan	$(i)$ Cytokinin
$(b)$ Mevalonic acid	$(ii)$ Abscisic acid
$(c)$ Kinetin	$(iii)$ Gibberellins
$(d)$ Dormin	$(iv)$ Auxin

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$P$. Indole compounds	$I$. $IAA$
$Q$. Adenine derivatives	$II$. $ABA$
$R$. Carotenoid derivatives	$III$. $GA_3$
$S$. Terpenes	$IV$. Kinetin
$T$. $C_2H_4$	$V$. Ethylene

Leaves fall off from branches in winter due to

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Match column $I$ with column $II$ and select the correct option:
Column $I$ (Precursor/Term) Column $II$ (Associated Hormone)
$(a)$ Tryptophan $(i)$ Cytokinin
$(b)$ Mevalonic acid $(ii)$ Abscisic acid
$(c)$ Kinetin $(iii)$ Gibberellins
$(d)$ Dormin $(iv)$ Auxin

Match the following columns:
Column-$I$ Column-$II$
$P$. Indole compounds $I$. $IAA$
$Q$. Adenine derivatives $II$. $ABA$
$R$. Carotenoid derivatives $III$. $GA_3$
$S$. Terpenes $IV$. Kinetin
$T$. $C_2H_4$ $V$. Ethylene

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