Most acidic among the given compounds is:

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(D) In the lanthanoid series,the basic character of the hydroxides $Ln(OH)_3$ decreases as the atomic number increases due to the lanthanoid contracti

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$Er(OH)_3$

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(D) In the lanthanoid series,the basic character of the hydroxides $Ln(OH)_3$ decreases as the atomic number increases due to the lanthanoid contraction. As the atomic number increases,the ionic radius of $Ln^{3+}$ ions decreases,which increases the covalent character of the $Ln-OH$ bond. According to Fajan's rule,higher covalent character leads to lower basicity and higher acidity. Among the given elements,$Pr$ $(Z=59)$,$Sm$ $(Z=62)$,$Gd$ $(Z=64)$,and $Er$ $(Z=68)$. Since $Er$ has the highest atomic number,$Er(OH)_3$ has the smallest ionic radius and the highest covalent character,making it the most acidic among the given options.

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