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(D) Modern biological classification,often referred to as phylogenetic classification,relies on a comprehensive analysis of organisms.While external f

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Anatomical and physiological characteristics

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(D) Modern biological classification,often referred to as phylogenetic classification,relies on a comprehensive analysis of organisms.While external features were used in early systems (like those of Aristotle),modern taxonomy emphasizes evolutionary relationships.These relationships are determined by comparing anatomical (structural),physiological (functional),and biochemical characteristics,as well as genetic data.Therefore,anatomical and physiological characteristics provide the most robust evidence for establishing evolutionary lineages and classifying organisms accurately.

The most important criteria used for the present-day classification of living organisms is based on

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