The Pentose Phosphate Pathway,an alternative pathway of respiration,was elucidated by:

During respiration,there is:

Select the correct option to complete the following statements:
$(1)$ The $TCA$ cycle begins with the condensation of $OAA$ and water with $Acetyl-CoA$ to yield $Citric$ $acid$.
$(2)$ In fermentation,yeast converts glucose into ethanol under $Anaerobic$ conditions.

Which plant absorbs water equal to its own weight in $5$ hours?

Select the correct statements from the following:
$I-$ During respiration,plants take in $CO_2$ and release $O_2$.
$II-$ The surface of most cells in plants is in contact with air.
$III-$ The loose arrangement of parenchyma cells in leaves,stems,and roots creates a network of air spaces.
$IV-$ The energy released during respiration is stored in the form of $ATP$.
$V-$ Glucose is oxidized to release energy in only a single step.

Assertion $A$: Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy in living organisms.
Reason $R$: Glucose is the common substrate used in respiration.
Which option is correct for Assertion $A$ and Reason $R$?