The phenomenon of industrial melanism demonstrates:

Select the incorrect statements:
$I.$ Natural selection is essential for evolution.
$II.$ Natural selection does not include variations.
$III.$ The concept of natural selection was given by Hugo de Vries.
$IV.$ Mutation is a sudden inheritable change.
$V.$ The synthetic theory is also called the Neo-Darwinism theory of evolution.

Had Darwin been aware of Mendel's work,would he have been able to explain the origin of variations? Discuss.

Sewall Wright effect is . . . . . . .

According to Darwin,organic evolution is due to:

Given below are two statements regarding evolution.
$Statement-I$: Selection against harmful mutation leads to a mutation balance.
$Statement-II$: In mutation balance, the allele frequency of harmful recessives keep on changing generation after generation.
In the light of above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: