Presence of $RBC$ in urine is known as

The appearance of albumin in the urine is most likely due to

Choose the correct statements.
$I.$ Kidney transplantation is the terminal mode of treating kidney dysfunction.
$II.$ Close relatives are often used as kidney donors to minimise risk of rejection.
$III.$ Cyclosporin-$A$ is used as an immunosuppressive drug in kidney transplant patients.
$IV.$ Heparin and anti-heparin are used in haemodialysis.
Choose the correct option.

Anuria is the failure of:

The artificial kidney is designed according to the principle of

Select the correct option for kidney failure.