The nitration of phenol with dilute HNO_3 at | vedclass

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(A) The nitration of phenol with dilute $HNO_3$ at low temperature gives a mixture of $o$-nitrophenol and $p$-nitrophenol.$o$-Nitrophenol is more vola

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o-Nitrophenol

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(A) The nitration of phenol with dilute $HNO_3$ at low temperature gives a mixture of $o$-nitrophenol and $p$-nitrophenol.$o$-Nitrophenol is more volatile due to the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding,which prevents intermolecular association.$p$-Nitrophenol is less volatile because it forms intermolecular hydrogen bonding,leading to association of molecules and higher boiling point.Therefore,$(A)$ is $o$-nitrophenol.

The nitration of phenol with dilute $HNO_3$ at low temperature yields a mixture of two isomers $(A)$ and $(B)$. Product $(A)$ is more volatile than product $(B)$. Identify $(A)$.

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