(A) The stability of a nucleus depends on its $n/p$ ratio. Isotopes with an excessive $n/p$ ratio (too many neutrons) are unstable and tend to undergo

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(A) The stability of a nucleus depends on its $n/p$ ratio. Isotopes with an excessive $n/p$ ratio (too many neutrons) are unstable and tend to undergo $\beta^-$ decay to convert a neutron into a proton,thereby decreasing the $n/p$ ratio. This process involves the emission of an electron $(e^-)$.