Sex determination in humans is identified by:

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(B) In humans,sex determination is governed by the presence of specific sex chromosomes ($XX$ in females and $XY$ in males). These chromosomes are pre

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Germ cell $\rightarrow$ sex chromosomes

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(B) In humans,sex determination is governed by the presence of specific sex chromosomes ($XX$ in females and $XY$ in males). These chromosomes are present in the germ cells (gametes) which determine the sex of the offspring upon fertilization. While somatic cells also contain these chromosomes,the fundamental mechanism of sex determination is defined by the chromosomal constitution of the germ cells (sperm and egg) that fuse to form the zygote.

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$(a)$ In humans,males are heterogametic and females are homogametic. Explain. Are there any examples where males are homogametic and females heterogametic?
$(b)$ Also describe as to who determines the sex of an unborn child? Mention whether temperature has a role in sex determination.

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