Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow it.
$(i)$ Identify the defect of vision represented in this case. Give a reason for your answer.
$(ii)$ Mention the two causes of this defect.

(N/A) $(i)$ Hypermetropia (far-sightedness). The reason is that the image of nearby objects is focused behind the retina instead of on the retina.
$(ii)$ This defect arises due to the following two causes:
$(a)$ The focal length of the eye lens is too long.
$(b)$ The eyeball has become too small.