The activity of a sample reduces from $A_0$ to $A_0 / \sqrt{3}$ in one hour. The activity after $3$ hours more will be

The activity of a radioactive sample falls from $700 \; s^{-1}$ to $500 \; s^{-1}$ in $30 \; min$. Its half-life is close to ......... $min$.

The number of nuclei of a radioactive substance is $1000$ and $900$ at times $t = 0$ and $t = 2 \ s$,respectively. Then,the number of nuclei at time $t = 4 \ s$ will be:

$A$ radioactive sample has a half-life of $5$ years. The percentage of the fraction decayed in $10$ years will be (in $\%$)

The activity of a radioactive substance is $R_1$ at time $t_1$ and $R_2$ at time $t_2$. If $\lambda$ is the decay constant,then which of the following is correct?

If the measurement errors in all the independent quantities are known,then it is possible to determine the error in any dependent quantity. This is done by the use of series expansion and truncating the expansion at the first power of the error. For example,consider the relation $z = x / y$. If the errors in $x, y$ and $z$ are $\Delta x, \Delta y$ and $\Delta z$,respectively,then $z \pm \Delta z = \frac{x \pm \Delta x}{y \pm \Delta y} = \frac{x}{y} (1 \pm \frac{\Delta x}{x}) (1 \pm \frac{\Delta y}{y})^{-1}$. The series expansion for $(1 \pm \frac{\Delta y}{y})^{-1}$,to first power in $\Delta y / y$,is $1 \mp (\Delta y / y)$. The relative errors in independent variables are always added. So the error in $z$ will be $\Delta z = z (\frac{\Delta x}{x} + \frac{\Delta y}{y})$. The above derivation makes the assumption that $\Delta x / x \ll 1, \Delta y / y \ll 1$. Therefore,the higher powers of these quantities are neglected.
$(1)$ Consider the ratio $r = \frac{(1 - a)}{(1 + a)}$ to be determined by measuring a dimensionless quantity $a$. If the error in the measurement of $a$ is $\Delta a$ $(\Delta a / a \ll 1)$,then what is the error $\Delta r$?
$(2)$ In an experiment,the initial number of radioactive nuclei is $3000$. It is found that $1000 \pm 40$ nuclei decayed in the first $1.0 \ s$. For $|x| < 1$,$\ln(1 + x) = x$ up to first power in $x$. The error $\Delta \lambda$,in the determination of the decay constant $\lambda$,in $s^{-1}$,is: