The chemical substances which are produced by some microbes and can kill or retard the growth of other microbes are known as:

In which way have microbes played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria?

Fleming,Chain,and Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on antibiotics in ...........

Identify the correct statements from the following:
$(A)$ Microbes have been used for centuries.
$(B)$ Not all microbes are pathogenic.
$(C)$ There are various methods to culture microbes in a nutrient medium.
$(D)$ Fungi,Cycas,viruses,and bacteria are examples of microbes.

Probiotics are

Medicines are either man-made (i.e.,synthetic) or obtained from living organisms like plants,bacteria,animals,etc.,and hence,the latter are called natural products. Sometimes,natural products are chemically altered by man to reduce toxicity or side effects. Write against each of the following whether they were initially obtained as a natural product or as a synthetic chemical: $(a)$ Penicillin $(b)$ Sulphonamide $(c)$ Vitamin-$C$ $(d)$ Growth hormone.