The correct order of the rate of ESR (Electro | vedclass

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(D) The rate of Electrophilic Substitution Reaction $(ESR)$ is directly proportional to the electron density on the benzene ring. Substituents that do

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$c > d > a > b$

Vedclass · Answer

(D) The rate of Electrophilic Substitution Reaction $(ESR)$ is directly proportional to the electron density on the benzene ring. Substituents that donate electrons via resonance ($+R$ effect) increase the rate,while those that withdraw electrons ($-I$ or $-R$ effect) decrease the rate.$(a)$ Chlorobenzene: $-Cl$ has a strong $-I$ effect and a weak $+R$ effect. Overall,it is deactivating.$(b)$ Nitrobenzene: $-NO_2$ has a strong $-I$ and $-R$ effect. It is strongly deactivating.$(c)$ Phenol: $-OH$ has a strong $+R$ effect and a $-I$ effect. The $+R$ effect dominates,making it strongly activating.$(d)$ Anisole: $-OCH_3$ has a strong $+R$ effect and a $-I$ effect. The $+R$ effect is strong,but slightly less than $-OH$ due to the methyl group's inductive effect.Comparing the activating groups: $-OH$ $(c)$ is a stronger activator than $-OCH_3$ $(d)$.Comparing the deactivating groups: $-Cl$ $(a)$ is less deactivating than $-NO_2$ $(b)$.Therefore,the order of reactivity is $c > d > a > b$.

The correct order of the rate of $ESR$ (Electrophilic Substitution Reaction) in the given compounds is:

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