The diagram below shows a coil connected to a centre zero galvanometer $G$. The galvanometer shows a deflection to the right when the $N$ pole of a powerful magnet is moved to the right as shown.
$(i)$ Explain why the deflection occurs in the galvanometer.
$(ii)$ Does the direction of current in the coil appear clockwise or anticlockwise when viewed from end $A$?
$(iii)$ State the observation in $G$ when the coil is moved away from $N$.
$(iv)$ State the observation in $G$ when,both coil and the magnet,are moved to the right at the same speed.

(N/A) $(i)$ The deflection occurs due to the change in magnetic flux linked with the coil as the magnet moves. This change in magnetic flux induces an electromotive force $(emf)$ in the coil,which causes an induced current to flow through the galvanometer.
$(ii)$ According to Lenz's Law,the induced current will create a magnetic pole at end $A$ that opposes the approaching $N$ pole of the magnet. Thus,end $A$ acts as an $N$ pole. When viewed from end $A$,the direction of the current appears anticlockwise.
$(iii)$ When the coil is moved away from $N$,the magnetic flux linked with the coil decreases. This induces a current in the opposite direction,causing the galvanometer to show a deflection to the left.
$(iv)$ When both the coil and the magnet are moved to the right at the same speed,there is no relative motion between them. Consequently,there is no change in the magnetic flux linked with the coil,and the galvanometer shows no deflection (zero reading).