The figure given below is a diagrammatic representation of the response of organisms to abiotic factors. What do $(a)$,$(b)$,and $(c)$ represent respectively?
$(a)$ $(b)$ $(c)$

The figure given below is a diagrammatic representation of the response of organisms to abiotic factors. What do $a$,$b$,and $c$ represent respectively?

Which process allows organisms to protect themselves during stressful environmental conditions?

Which of the following statements is correct?
$I.$ In a population,birth rate and death rate refer to per capita births and deaths,respectively.
$II.$ In nature,we rarely find isolated single individuals of any species.
$III.$ The size of a population for any species is a stable phenomenon.
$IV.$ Ecological effects of any factors on population growth are generally reflected in its size/population density.

$X$ - In deep-sea hydrothermal vents,the average temperature is between $25^{\circ}C$ to $30^{\circ}C$.
$Y$ - Reptiles and amphibians are eurythermal.

Countries with high population growth rates have taken measures to reduce them. The figure below shows the age pyramids of populations. Which of the following is a correct interpretation for their status after $20$ years?