(D) The correct answer is $D$. Mendel proposed two main laws of inheritance based on his experiments with pea plants. The first law is the $Law \text{

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(D) The correct answer is $D$. Mendel proposed two main laws of inheritance based on his experiments with pea plants. The first law is the $Law \text{ of } Segregation$ (also known as the law of purity of gametes), which states that alleles segregate during gamete formation. The second law is the $Law \text{ of } Independent \text{ Assortment}$.