The flowering response of a plant can be changed by

Most of the winter flowering plants belong to

Describe $(1)$ Photoperiodism.

In some plants,flowering is induced only when the duration of light exposure is less than a critical duration. Such plants are called $...............$.

Give scientific reasons:
$(1)$ Photoperiodism is essential for flowering in plants.
$(2)$ Abscission (leaf fall,flower fall,fruit fall) increases the vitality of plants.

Given below are two statements.
Statement $I$: If the long dark period is interrupted by a brief flash of light,short day plants will not flower.
Statement $II$: When the long dark period is interrupted by a brief flash of light,long day plants can flower.
In the light of above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: