The nature of hybridization in the $NH_3$ molecule is

Explain the formation of bonds using $sp^2$ hybrid orbitals with an example.

What is the hybridization of $C$ atoms in graphite?

Identify the correct match:

Column $I$ (Molecule/ion)	Column $II$ (Hybridisation)
$A$. $H_3O^{+}$	$P$. $sp$
$B$. $NH_2^{-}$	$Q$. $sp^2$
$C$. $NO_3^{-}$	$R$. $sp^3$
$D$. $ClF_3$	$S$. $sp^3d$

What is the decreasing order of carbon-carbon single bond length in the following compounds?
$(I) CH_2 = CH - C \equiv CH$
$(II) CH \equiv C - C \equiv CH$
$(III) CH_3 - CH = CH_2$
$(IV) CH_2 = CH - CH = CH_2$

The state of hybrid orbitals of carbon in $CO_{2}$,$CH_{4}$ and $CO_{3}^{2-}$ respectively is