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(D) The energy of a photon required to excite an electron across the band gap is given by $E = h
u$,where $E$ is the band gap energy,$h$ is Planck's

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$5	imes10^{14}\, Hz$

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(D) The energy of a photon required to excite an electron across the band gap is given by $E = h
u$,where $E$ is the band gap energy,$h$ is Planck's constant,and $
u$ is the frequency.Given,$E = 2.0\, eV = 2.0 	imes 1.6 	imes 10^{-19}\, J = 3.2 	imes 10^{-19}\, J$.Planck's constant $h \approx 6.63 	imes 10^{-34}\, J\cdot s$.The minimum frequency $
u$ is given by $
u = E / h$.$
u = (3.2 	imes 10^{-19}) / (6.63 	imes 10^{-34}) \approx 0.4826 	imes 10^{15}\, Hz$.$
u \approx 4.83 	imes 10^{14}\, Hz$.Rounding to the nearest option,we get $
u \approx 5 	imes 10^{14}\, Hz$.

The photodiode is made of a material with a band gap of $2.0\, eV$. The minimum frequency of the radiation that can be absorbed by the material is nearly

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