The rate of respiration can be checked (inhib | vedclass

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(D) The rate of respiration can be inhibited by various chemical substances:$1$. $Malonate$ acts as a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate de

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(D) The rate of respiration can be inhibited by various chemical substances:$1$. $Malonate$ acts as a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase in the Krebs cycle.$2$. High concentrations of $CO_2$ can inhibit respiration through feedback mechanisms or by affecting the pH of the cellular environment.$3$. $Chloroform$ and $cyanides$ are potent metabolic inhibitors. Specifically,$cyanide$ binds to cytochrome c oxidase in the electron transport chain,effectively blocking aerobic respiration.Therefore,all the listed substances can check or inhibit the rate of respiration.

Column $X$	Column $Y$
$(1)$ Mitochondrial matrix	$(P)$ Photophosphorylation
$(2)$ Chloroplast stroma	$(Q)$ Oxidative phosphorylation
$(3)$ Cristae	$(R)$ Krebs cycle
$(4)$ Granum	$(S)$ Dark reaction

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$P$. Aerobic respiration	$I$. Yeast
$Q$. Lactic acid fermentation	$II$. Some bacteria and animal muscles
$R$. Alcoholic fermentation	$III$. Human leukocytes

The rate of respiration can be checked (inhibited) by:

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