The relative acidic strengths of benzoic acid | vedclass

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Question

(C) The acidic strength of substituted benzoic acids is influenced by electronic effects and the ortho effect.$1$. The $CH_3$ group is an electron-don

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$o-$toluic acid $>$ benzoic acid $> p-$toluic acid

Vedclass · Answer

(C) The acidic strength of substituted benzoic acids is influenced by electronic effects and the ortho effect.$1$. The $CH_3$ group is an electron-donating group ($+I$ effect),which decreases the acidity of benzoic acid when present at the $meta$ or $para$ positions.$2$. $p-$toluic acid has a $CH_3$ group at the $para$ position,which destabilizes the carboxylate anion via the $+I$ effect,making it less acidic than benzoic acid.$3$. $o-$toluic acid experiences the 'ortho effect',which significantly increases its acidity compared to benzoic acid,regardless of the electronic nature of the substituent.$4$. Therefore,the decreasing order of acidic strength is: $o-$toluic acid $>$ benzoic acid $>$ $p-$toluic acid.

The relative acidic strengths of benzoic acid,$o-$toluic acid and $p-$toluic acid are in the decreasing order:

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