The standard enthalpy of formation $(\Delta_f H^o_{298})$ for methane,$CH_4$ is $-74.9 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$. In order to calculate the average energy given out in the formation of a $C-H$ bond from this,it is necessary to know which one of the following?

  • A
    The dissociation energy of the hydrogen molecule,$H_2$
  • B
    The first four ionisation energies of carbon.
  • C
    The dissociation energy of $H_2$ and enthalpy of sublimation of carbon (graphite).
  • D
    The first four ionisation energies of carbon and electron affinity of hydrogen.

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If the value of $\Delta H_{O-H}$ is $109 \ kcal \ mol^{-1}$,then the formation of one mole of water from $H_{(g)}$ and $O_{(g)}$ is associated with:

State and prove Hess's law of constant heat summation.

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At $298 \ K$,the enthalpy of fusion of a solid $(X)$ is $2.8 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$ and the enthalpy of vaporisation of the liquid $(X)$ is $98.2 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$. The enthalpy of sublimation of the substance $(X)$ in $kJ \ mol^{-1}$ is $.....$ (in nearest integer).

Calculate the heat of reaction for the process: $NH_3(g) + HCl(g) \rightarrow NH_4Cl(s)$ given the following data:
$(i)$ $NH_3(g) + aq \rightarrow NH_3(aq)$,$\Delta H = -8.4 \, Kcal$
$(ii)$ $HCl(g) + aq \rightarrow HCl(aq)$,$\Delta H = -17.3 \, Kcal$
$(iii)$ $NH_3(aq) + HCl(aq) \rightarrow NH_4Cl(aq)$,$\Delta H = -12.5 \, Kcal$
$(iv)$ $NH_4Cl(s) + aq \rightarrow NH_4Cl(aq)$,$\Delta H = +3.9 \, Kcal$ (in $, Kcal$)

The heat of solution of $Na_2SO_{4(s)}$ and $Na_2SO_4 \cdot 10H_2O_{(s)}$ are $-2.34 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$ and $78.87 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$ respectively. The heat of hydration of $Na_2SO_{4(s)}$ is:

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