The surface tension and vapour pressure of a liquid at $25^{\circ} C$ are $8 \times 10^{-2} \text{ Nm}^{-1}$ and $2.5 \times 10^3 \text{ Pa}$ respectively. The radius of the smallest spherical water droplet which can form without evaporating at $25^{\circ} C$ is (in $\mu m$)

  • A
    $64$
  • B
    $30$
  • C
    $60$
  • D
    $32$

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$A$ bubble has surface tension $S$. The ideal gas inside the bubble has a ratio of specific heats $\gamma = \frac{5}{3}$. The bubble is exposed to the atmosphere and it always retains its spherical shape. When the atmospheric pressure is $P_{a1}$,the radius of the bubble is $r_1$ and the temperature of the enclosed gas is $T_1$. When the atmospheric pressure is $P_{a2}$,the radius of the bubble and the temperature of the enclosed gas are $r_2$ and $T_2$,respectively.
Which of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) correct?
$(A)$ If the surface of the bubble is a perfect heat insulator,then $\left(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\right)^5 = \frac{P_{a2} + \frac{4S}{r_2}}{P_{a1} + \frac{4S}{r_1}}$
$(B)$ If the surface of the bubble is a perfect heat insulator,then the total internal energy of the bubble including its surface energy does not change with the external atmospheric pressure.
$(C)$ If the surface of the bubble is a perfect heat conductor and the change in atmospheric temperature is negligible,then $\left(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\right)^3 = \frac{P_{a2} + \frac{4S}{r_2}}{P_{a1} + \frac{4S}{r_1}}$
$(D)$ If the surface of the bubble is a perfect heat insulator,then $\left(\frac{T_2}{T_1}\right)^{\frac{5}{2}} = \frac{P_{a2} + \frac{4S}{r_2}}{P_{a1} + \frac{4S}{r_1}}$

Two droplets merge with each other and form a large droplet. In this process,

Derive the formula for the excess of pressure (pressure difference) inside a liquid drop and a soap bubble.

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The excess pressure inside a spherical soap bubble of radius $1 \,cm$ is balanced by a column of oil (specific gravity $= 0.8$), $2 \,mm$ high. The surface tension of the bubble is: (in $\,N/m$)

The force required to separate two glass plates of area $10^{-2} \, m^2$ with a film of water $0.05 \, mm$ thick between them is ...... $N$. (Surface tension of water is $70 \times 10^{-3} \, N/m$)

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