The white precipitate (Y), obtained on passin | vedclass

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(D) The process described is the Solvay process for the manufacture of sodium carbonate.Passing $CO_{2}$ $(X)$ through an ammoniacal brine solution $(

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$CO_{2}, NaHCO_{3}, Na_{2}CO_{3}$

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(D) The process described is the Solvay process for the manufacture of sodium carbonate.Passing $CO_{2}$ $(X)$ through an ammoniacal brine solution $(NaCl + NH_{3} + H_{2}O)$ yields sodium bicarbonate $(Y)$ as a white precipitate.$NH_{3} + CO_{2} + H_{2}O \longrightarrow NH_{4}HCO_{3}$$NH_{4}HCO_{3} + NaCl \longrightarrow NaHCO_{3} \downarrow (Y) + NH_{4}Cl$Upon heating, $NaHCO_{3}$ decomposes: $2NaHCO_{3} \xrightarrow{\Delta} Na_{2}CO_{3} (Z) + CO_{2} + H_{2}O$.The weight loss percentage for $2NaHCO_{3} (2 	imes 84 = 168 \ g)$ to $Na_{2}CO_{3} (106 \ g)$ is $\frac{168 - 106}{168} 	imes 100 \approx 36.9 \% \approx 37 \%$.Thus, $(X) = CO_{2}$, $(Y) = NaHCO_{3}$, and $(Z) = Na_{2}CO_{3}$.

The white precipitate $(Y)$, obtained on passing a colourless and odourless gas $(X)$ through an ammoniacal solution of $NaCl$, loses about $37 \%$ of its weight on heating and a white residue $(Z)$ of basic nature is left. Identify $(X)$, $(Y)$, and $(Z)$ from the following sets.

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