Three beakers labelled as $A$,$B$ and $C$ each containing $25 \, mL$ of water were taken. $A$ small amount of $NaOH$,anhydrous $CuSO_4$ and $NaCl$ were added to the beakers $A$,$B$ and $C$ respectively. It was observed that there was an increase in the temperature of the solutions contained in beakers $A$ and $B$,whereas in case of beaker $C$,the temperature of the solution falls. Which one of the following statement$(s)$ is(are) correct?
$(i)$ In beakers $A$ and $B$,exothermic process has occurred.
$(ii)$ In beakers $A$ and $B$,endothermic process has occurred.
$(iii)$ In beaker $C$ exothermic process has occurred.
$(iv)$ In beaker $C$ endothermic process has occurred.

  • A
    $(i)$ and $(iv)$
  • B
    $(ii)$ only
  • C
    $(i)$ only
  • D
    $(ii)$ and $(iii)$

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$(i)$ When a metal $X$ is added to the salt solution of a metal $Y$,the following chemical reaction takes place: Metal $X +$ Salt solution of $Y \rightarrow$ Salt solution of $X +$ Metal $Y$.
$(ii)$ Mention the inference you draw regarding the reactivity of metal $X$ and $Y$ and also about the type of reaction. State the reason for your conclusions.

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$(a)$ Balance the chemical equation:
$Fe(s) + H_2O(g) \rightarrow Fe_3O_4(s) + H_2(g)$
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$Na_2SO_4(aq) + BaCl_2(aq) \rightarrow BaSO_4(s) + NaCl(aq)$

State the kind of chemical reactions in the following examples:
$(a)$ Digestion of food in the stomach
$(b)$ Combustion of coal in air.

$A$ substance $X$, which is an oxide of a group $2$ element, is used intensively in the cement industry. This element is present in bones also. On treatment with water, it forms a solution which turns red litmus blue. Identify $X$ and write the chemical reactions involved.

Give reasons for the following:
$(i)$ All decomposition reactions are endothermic reactions.
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