Two gases have the same initial pressure,volume,and temperature. They expand to the same final volume,one adiabatically and the other isothermally. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the final state?
- AThe final temperature is greater for the adiabatic process.
- BThe final pressure is greater for the adiabatic process.
- CThe work done on the gas is greater for the adiabatic process.
- DNone of the above.
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$A$ heat engine is involved with an exchange of heat of $1915\, J,$ $-40\, J,$ $+125\, J,$ and $-Q\, J$ during one cycle,achieving an efficiency of $50.0 \%$. The value of $Q$ is ....... $J$.
$A$ given amount of gas has an initial state $(P_i, V_i, T_i)$. It expands until its volume becomes $V_f$. Consider the following two cases:
$(a)$ The expansion occurs at constant temperature (isothermal).
$(b)$ The expansion occurs at constant pressure (isobaric).
Draw the $P-V$ diagram for each case. In which of the two cases is the work done by the gas greater?
$(a)$ The expansion occurs at constant temperature (isothermal).
$(b)$ The expansion occurs at constant pressure (isobaric).
Draw the $P-V$ diagram for each case. In which of the two cases is the work done by the gas greater?
Medium
View Solution$List-I$ describes thermodynamic processes in four different systems. $List-II$ gives the magnitudes (either exactly or as a close approximation) of possible changes in the internal energy of the system due to the process.
$List-I$ $List-II$ $(I)$ $10^{-3} \, kg$ of water at $100^{\circ} C$ is converted to steam at the same temperature, at a pressure of $10^5 \, Pa$. The volume of the system changes from $10^{-6} \, m^3$ to $10^{-3} \, m^3$. Latent heat of water $= 2250 \, kJ/kg$. $(P)$ $2 \, kJ$ $(II)$ $0.2 \, moles$ of a rigid diatomic ideal gas with volume $V$ at temperature $500 \, K$ undergoes an isobaric expansion to volume $3V$. Assume $R = 8.0 \, J \, mol^{-1} \, K^{-1}$. $(Q)$ $7 \, kJ$ $(III)$ One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is compressed adiabatically from volume $V = 1/3 \, m^3$ and pressure $2 \, kPa$ to volume $V/8$. $(R)$ $4 \, kJ$ $(IV)$ Three moles of a diatomic ideal gas whose molecules can vibrate, is given $9 \, kJ$ of heat and undergoes isobaric expansion. $(S)$ $5 \, kJ$ $(T)$ $3 \, kJ$
Which one of the following options is correct?
| $List-I$ | $List-II$ |
| $(I)$ $10^{-3} \, kg$ of water at $100^{\circ} C$ is converted to steam at the same temperature, at a pressure of $10^5 \, Pa$. The volume of the system changes from $10^{-6} \, m^3$ to $10^{-3} \, m^3$. Latent heat of water $= 2250 \, kJ/kg$. | $(P)$ $2 \, kJ$ |
| $(II)$ $0.2 \, moles$ of a rigid diatomic ideal gas with volume $V$ at temperature $500 \, K$ undergoes an isobaric expansion to volume $3V$. Assume $R = 8.0 \, J \, mol^{-1} \, K^{-1}$. | $(Q)$ $7 \, kJ$ |
| $(III)$ One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is compressed adiabatically from volume $V = 1/3 \, m^3$ and pressure $2 \, kPa$ to volume $V/8$. | $(R)$ $4 \, kJ$ |
| $(IV)$ Three moles of a diatomic ideal gas whose molecules can vibrate, is given $9 \, kJ$ of heat and undergoes isobaric expansion. | $(S)$ $5 \, kJ$ |
| $(T)$ $3 \, kJ$ |
Which one of the following options is correct?
What is the working substance in an external combustion engine and an internal combustion engine?
Medium
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