We know that plants are harmed by excess water. However,some plants survive under flooded conditions. How are they able to manage excess water?

(N/A) $1$. Plants can manage excess water by increasing the rate of transpiration up to a certain limit to remove surplus water.
$2$. In flooded conditions,some plants develop specialized structures like aerenchyma (spongy tissue with air spaces) to facilitate gas exchange in submerged roots.
$3$. Some plants also possess adventitious roots that grow near the surface to obtain oxygen.
$4$. If the plant roots remain submerged in water for an extended period,the lack of oxygen (anoxia) leads to root decay and eventually the death of the plant.