What do you mean by ozone hole? What are its consequences?

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In polar regions,stratospheric clouds provide the surface for chlorine nitrate and hypochlorous acid,which react further to give molecular chlorine. Molecular chlorine and $HOCl$ are photolysed to give chlorine-free radicals.
$ClONO_{2(g)} + H_2O_{(g)} \to HOCl_{(g)} + HNO_{3(g)}$
$ClONO_{2(g)} + HCl_{(g)} \to Cl_{2(g)} + HNO_{3(g)}$
$HOCl_{(g)} \xrightarrow{hv} \dot{O}H_{(g)} + \dot{Cl}_{(g)}$
$Cl_{2(g)} \xrightarrow{hv} \dot{Cl}_{(g)} + \dot{Cl}_{(g)}$
The chlorine-free radicals lead to the decomposition of ozone as:
$\dot{Cl}_{(g)} + O_{3(g)} \to Cl\dot{O}_{(g)} + O_{2(g)}$
Hence,a chain reaction is initiated. The chlorine-free radical is continuously regenerated,thereby depleting the ozone layer. This phenomenon is known as the 'ozone hole'.
Effects of depletion of the ozone layer:
The ozone layer protects the Earth from the harmful $UV$ radiations of the sun. With the depletion of the layer,more radiation enters the Earth's atmosphere. $UV$ radiations are harmful because they lead to the ageing of skin,cataracts,skin cancer,and sunburns. They cause the death of many phytoplanktons,which leads to a decrease in fish productivity. Excess exposure may even cause mutations in plants.
An increase in $UV$ radiations decreases the moisture content of the soil and damages both plants and fibers.

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