What is the angle between an equipotential su | vedclass

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(B) An equipotential surface is a surface where the electric potential is the same at every point. By definition, the work done in moving a charge $q$

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$90$

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(B) An equipotential surface is a surface where the electric potential is the same at every point. By definition, the work done in moving a charge $q$ along an equipotential surface is zero, because $W = q \Delta V$ and $\Delta V = 0$. Since the work done is $W = \int \vec{F} \cdot d\vec{l} = q \int \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{l} = 0$, the electric field $\vec{E}$ must be perpendicular to the displacement $d\vec{l}$ along the surface. Therefore, the electric lines of force are always perpendicular to the equipotential surface, meaning the angle between them is $90^{\circ}$.

What is the angle between an equipotential surface and electric lines of force (in $^{\circ}$)?

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