What type of difference is observed in the hybridization of carbon in benzene during nitration and the formation of the $\sigma$-complex?

Identify the correct statements:
The presence of $-NO_{2}$ group in a benzene ring:

Given below are two statements $:$
Statement $(I) :$ On nitration of $m-$xylene with $HNO_3, H_2SO_4$ followed by oxidation,$4-$nitrobenzene$-1, 3-$dicarboxylic acid is obtained as the major product.
Statement $(II) :$ $-CH_3$ group is $o/p-$directing while $-NO_2$ group is $m-$directing group.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below $:$

Which of the following represents the Friedel-Crafts reaction?

The reaction sequence is as follows:
$1,4-dibromocyclohex-2-ene$ $\xrightarrow[{2 \, molar \, equivalent}]{{(CH_3)_2NH}} (A)$ $\xrightarrow{{BaO}} (B)$ $\xrightarrow[{ (2 \, molar \, equivalent) }]{{CH_3I}} (C)$ $\xrightarrow{{Ag_2O \, / \, H_2O}} (D) + 2(CH_3)_3N$
Identify the end product $(D)$ in the given sequence.

Name the electrophile produced in the reaction of benzene with benzoyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous $AlCl_3$. Name the reaction also.