Which of the following is most reactive towar | vedclass

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(D) Electrophilic substitution reaction rate depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons to the ring (activating

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Aniline

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(D) Electrophilic substitution reaction rate depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons to the ring (activating groups) increase the electron density,making the ring more reactive towards electrophiles.$1$. $-COOH$ (in Benzoic acid) is a strong electron-withdrawing group (deactivating).$2$. $-CH_3$ (in Toluene) is an electron-donating group via hyperconjugation and inductive effect (activating).$3$. $-Cl$ (in Chlorobenzene) is an electron-withdrawing group via inductive effect,although it is ortho/para directing due to resonance (deactivating).$4$. $-NH_2$ (in Aniline) is a very strong electron-donating group via resonance (+$M$ effect),which significantly increases the electron density of the benzene ring.Therefore,Aniline is the most reactive towards electrophilic substitution.

Which of the following is most reactive towards electrophilic substitution reaction?

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