Which is the main causative factor of desertification?

Match the items in Column $A$ with those in Column $B$:
\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau\tau

Column $A$	Column $B$
$(A)$ Catalytic converter	$(i)$ Particulate matter
$(B)$ Electrostatic precipitator	$(ii)$ Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides
$(C)$ Earmuffs	$(iii)$ High noise level
$(D)$ Landfills	$(iv)$ Solid waste

Domestic sewage mainly contains $A$ wastes which are readily decomposed with the help of $B$. Here $A$ and $B$ refer to:

World Environment Day is celebrated on

What do '$X$','$Y$',and '$Z$' represent in the given figure respectively?

Select the correct option for 'Ecosan'.