Which of the following acts as a strong reduc | vedclass

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(C) Lanthanides generally exhibit a stable $+3$ oxidation state.The electronic configuration of $Eu$ $(Z=63)$ is $[Xe] 4f^7 6s^2$.Therefore,$Eu^{2+}$

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$Eu^{2+}$

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(C) Lanthanides generally exhibit a stable $+3$ oxidation state.The electronic configuration of $Eu$ $(Z=63)$ is $[Xe] 4f^7 6s^2$.Therefore,$Eu^{2+}$ has the configuration $[Xe] 4f^7$.Although the $4f^7$ configuration is half-filled and stable,$Eu^{2+}$ tends to lose one more electron to achieve the most stable $+3$ oxidation state $(Eu^{3+})$ common to lanthanides.Thus,$Eu^{2+}$ acts as a strong reducing agent.In contrast,$Ce^{4+}$ $([Xe] 4f^0)$ tends to gain an electron to reach the $+3$ state,making it a strong oxidizing agent.

Which of the following acts as a strong reducing agent? (Atomic number: $Ce=58, Eu=63, Gd=64, Lu=71$)

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