Which of the following infection$(s)$ can be diagnosed by the use of polymerase chain reaction $(PCR)$?

How does the transmission of each of the following diseases take place?
$(a)$ Amoebiasis
$(b)$ Malaria
$(c)$ Ascariasis
$(d)$ Pneumonia

In the given diagram of the life cycle of Anopheles,what does the part labeled '$A$' represent?

Match the following columns and select the correct option:

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(i)$ Typhoid	$(a)$ Haemophilus influenzae
$(ii)$ Malaria	$(b)$ Wuchereria bancrofti
$(iii)$ Pneumonia	$(c)$ Plasmodium vivax
$(iv)$ Filariasis	$(d)$ Salmonella typhi

Read the following statements carefully and determine how many of them are correct.
$(1)$ Acquired immunity is characterized by memory.
$(2)$ The response provided by antibodies is $C.M.I.$
$(3)$ An exaggerated response of the immune system to certain antigens present in the environment is called allergy.
$(4)$ Innate immunity is antibody-dependent.
$(5)$ Dengue is a bacterial disease.

What are the various public health measures,which you would suggest as a safeguard against infectious diseases?