Which of the following serves as an indicator of atmospheric pollution?

What are the fungal components of a lichen called?

Which structure is responsible for sexual reproduction in lichens?

Assertion $A$: Bacteriophages are bacteria-eating viruses.
Reason $R$: Bacterial viruses are obligate parasites in bacterial cells.
Which option is correct for Assertion $A$ and Reason $R$?

Which scientist discovered the virus shown in the given figure?

What is the protective protein coat of a virus known as?