Which type of pollination method was adopted by Mendel in his experiment?

The pod character, specifically the green colour in pea plants, is:

Assertion: Cross of $F_1$ individual with recessive homozygous parent is test cross.
Reason: No recessive individuals are obtained in the monohybrid test cross.

If Mendel had studied $7$ pairs of traits in a plant with $12$ chromosomes instead of $14$,then:

Define the term 'Factors' in the context of Mendelian genetics.

What are organisms called that possess identical genetic factors for a specific trait?