Who received the Nobel Prize for working out the early carbon pathway of photosynthesis?

Consider the given two statements:
Statement $I$: Carbon reactions during photosynthesis in higher plants are called as dark reactions.
Statement $II$: They always occur in darkness and they are not light-dependent.

What is required for the fixation of one $CO_2$ molecule in the Calvin cycle?

The conversion of $1,3$-bisphosphoglycerate to $3$-phosphoglycerate involves:

Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO) is located in:

Which of the following was used during the research of the Calvin cycle?