Why is the surface tension of antiseptics kept low? Explain.

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(N/A) The surface tension of antiseptics is kept low so that they can spread easily over the surface of cuts or wounds.
By reducing the surface tension,the liquid antiseptic achieves a smaller contact angle,allowing it to cover a larger surface area of the affected tissue.
This increased spreading capability ensures that the antiseptic reaches all parts of the wound,effectively killing bacteria and promoting faster healing.

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When liquid medicine of density $\rho$ is to be put in the eye, it is done with the help of a dropper. As the bulb on the top of the dropper is pressed, a drop forms at the opening of the dropper. We wish to estimate the size of the drop. We first assume that the drop formed at the opening is spherical because that requires a minimum increase in its surface energy. To determine the size, we calculate the net vertical force due to the surface tension $T$ when the radius of the drop is $R$. When the force becomes smaller than the weight of the drop, the drop gets detached from the dropper.
$1.$ If the radius of the opening of the dropper is $r$, the vertical force due to the surface tension on the drop of radius $R$ (assuming $r \ll R$) is
$(A)$ $2 \pi r T$ $(B)$ $2 \pi R T$ $(C)$ $\frac{2 \pi r^2 T}{R}$ $(D)$ $\frac{2 \pi R^2 T}{r}$
$2.$ If $r=5 \times 10^{-4} \, m, \rho=10^3 \, kg \, m^{-3}, g=10 \, m/s^2, T=0.11 \, Nm^{-1}$, the radius of the drop when it detaches from the dropper is approximately
$(A)$ $1.4 \times 10^{-3} \, m$ $(B)$ $3.3 \times 10^{-3} \, m$
$(C)$ $2.0 \times 10^{-3} \, m$ $(D)$ $4.1 \times 10^{-3} \, m$
$3.$ After the drop detaches, its surface energy is
$(A)$ $1.4 \times 10^{-6} \, J$ $(B)$ $2.7 \times 10^{-6} \, J$
$(C)$ $5.4 \times 10^{-6} \, J$ $(D)$ $8.1 \times 10^{-6} \, J$
Give the answer for questions $1, 2$ and $3.$

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