Write the conclusions drawn by Rutherford for the following observations during his $\alpha$-scattering experiment:
$(a)$ Most of the alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil.
$(b)$ Some alpha particles got deflected from their path.
$(c)$ $A$ very small fraction of alpha particles got deflected by $180^{\circ}$.

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(N/A) Most of the space inside the atom is empty.
$(b)$ It indicates that the positive charge of the atom occupies a very little space.
$(c)$ All the positive charge and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom,which was later named as the nucleus.

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